cut stones

חָצַב(b. h.; cmp. חטב) to cut, chisel, hew, shape. Tosef. Yoma I, 6 כשהוא חוֹצֵב engaged in stone-breaking; Sifra Emor ch. I, Par. 2; Tanḥ. Emor 4 ח׳ אבנים; Lev. R. s. 26 ח׳ באבנים. Y.M. Kat. I, 80d לא יַחְצוֹב one must not cut stones Yalk. Deut. 854 אתה חֲצוֹבוכ׳ chisel thou the tablets ; a. fr.Part. pass. חָצוּב, f. חֲצוּבָה; pl. חֲצוּבִים, חֲצוּבוֹת. Y. M. Kat. l. c. Y.Shek.VI, 49d bot.; a. e. Nif. נֶחְצַב to be hewn, chiselled. Y.Yoma III, 40c bot. בקודש יֵחָצֵבוּ on sacred ground they must be chiselled.Trnsf. (cmp. גזר) to be decided, decreed. Lev. R. s. 5 (ref. to Is. 22:16) ממרום נ׳ עליו from on high it has been decreed over him; Yalk. Is. 291 נֶחְצְבָה עליו גזירה.

חָצַב(b. h.; cmp. חטב) to cut, chisel, hew, shape. Tosef. Yoma I, 6 כשהוא חוֹצֵב engaged in stone-breaking; Sifra Emor ch. I, Par. 2; Tanḥ. Emor 4 ח׳ אבנים; Lev. R. s. 26 ח׳ באבנים. Y.M. Kat. I, 80d לא יַחְצוֹב one must not cut stones Yalk. Deut. 854 אתה חֲצוֹבוכ׳ chisel thou the tablets ; a. fr.Part. pass. חָצוּב, f. חֲצוּבָה; pl. חֲצוּבִים, חֲצוּבוֹת. Y. M. Kat. l. c. Y.Shek.VI, 49d bot.; a. e. Nif. נֶחְצַב to be hewn, chiselled. Y.Yoma III, 40c bot. בקודש יֵחָצֵבוּ on sacred ground they must be chiselled.Trnsf. (cmp. גזר) to be decided, decreed. Lev. R. s. 5 (ref. to Is. 22:16) ממרום נ׳ עליו from on high it has been decreed over him; Yalk. Is. 291 נֶחְצְבָה עליו גזירה.

סַףm. (b. h.; ספף, v. סוּף, to cut, hollow out; also to put ends together, join) 1) door-sill; 2) bowl. Mekh. Bo, s. 6 (ref. to Ex. 12:22) מניר הכתוב … ואין סף אלא אסקופה the text intimates that he loosens and digs a hole on the side of the threshold and slaughters over it, for saf means (a cavity made in) the threshold. Ib. אין סף אלא כלי saf means a vessel; Y.Pes.IX, 36d bot., sq. 3) pl. סִפִּים, סִפִּין, סִי׳ ( cut stones, cmp. גָּזִית, paving-blocks, stone-pavement. Midr. Till. to Ps. 78:45 והס׳ נבקעיןוכ׳ and the blocks burst before them (the frogs). Ib. to Ps. 105:30 בתי הס׳ houses which had stone pavements; (Yalk. ib. 820 פספסין; Ex. R. s. 10 פסיפס).

סַףm. (b. h.; ספף, v. סוּף, to cut, hollow out; also to put ends together, join) 1) door-sill; 2) bowl. Mekh. Bo, s. 6 (ref. to Ex. 12:22) מניר הכתוב … ואין סף אלא אסקופה the text intimates that he loosens and digs a hole on the side of the threshold and slaughters over it, for saf means (a cavity made in) the threshold. Ib. אין סף אלא כלי saf means a vessel; Y.Pes.IX, 36d bot., sq. 3) pl. סִפִּים, סִפִּין, סִי׳ ( cut stones, cmp. גָּזִית, paving-blocks, stone-pavement. Midr. Till. to Ps. 78:45 והס׳ נבקעיןוכ׳ and the blocks burst before them (the frogs). Ib. to Ps. 105:30 בתי הס׳ houses which had stone pavements; (Yalk. ib. 820 פספסין; Ex. R. s. 10 פסיפס).

פְּסַלch. same, 1) to cut, hew, dig. Targ. Ex. 34:1. Targ. Deut. 6:11; a. fr.Part. pass. פְּסִיל; f. פְּסִילָא; pl. פְּסִילִין; פְּסִילָן, פְּסִל׳. Ib.; a. e. 2) to make or declare unfit; to reject. Snh.23a בתר דפַסְלֵי להווכ׳ after they (the parties) rejected them, shall they (the rejected judges) go and select another court? Ib. רחמנא פַסְלֵיה it is the Law that declared him unfit. Ib. כל כמיניה דפָסֵיל דייני is it in his power to reject judges?; a. fr.Part. pass. as ab. Targ. Y. II Gen. 22:10. Targ. Y. I Lev. 7:18 (Y. II פָּסוּל h. form; h. text פגול); a. e.Targ. Ps. 18:27, v. פְּסִילָא.Keth.61b מאן דעביד הכי פ׳ למאכלוכ׳ he who does a thing like this is unfit to prepare food for the king. Ib. 105b האי דיינא … פ׳ למידן דינא (some ed. פסול) a judge that is in the habit of borrowing (things from his neighbors) is unfit to judge cases. Ib. פְּסִילְנָא לך לדינא I am unfit to be a judge in thy case (because I have been offered a gift); a. fr.V. פְּסוֹל. Ithpe. אִתְפְּסַל, אִתְפְּסֵיל, אִיפְּסִיל 1) to be engraven. Targ. Job 19:24. 2) to be hewn out. Targ. Is. 51:1. 3) to be disqualified, unfit, rejected. Targ. Ps. 68:16. Targ. Y. Num. 8:24 מוּפְסָלִין h. Hof.)Y.Kil.VII, 31a top (read:) א״ל טבא היא ואִיפְסְלַת he said to him, it is a good coin, whereas it had been cancelled. Men.102b לאִיפְּסוּלֵי דגופיה (Ms. M. לפסולא) to become unfit for itself (but not for making unclean); Pes.20a לאיפסולי גופיה; a. fr. Af. אַפְסֵל to make unfit. Ḥull.36a לאַפְסוּלֵי גופיה to cause the object itself to be forbidden (ib. 37a לפסולא דגופיה), v. supra. Pa. פַּסֵּל to cut (stones). Targ. 2 Chr. 24:12 מְפַסְּלִין stone-cutters.

פְּסַלch. same, 1) to cut, hew, dig. Targ. Ex. 34:1. Targ. Deut. 6:11; a. fr.Part. pass. פְּסִיל; f. פְּסִילָא; pl. פְּסִילִין; פְּסִילָן, פְּסִל׳. Ib.; a. e. 2) to make or declare unfit; to reject. Snh.23a בתר דפַסְלֵי להווכ׳ after they (the parties) rejected them, shall they (the rejected judges) go and select another court? Ib. רחמנא פַסְלֵיה it is the Law that declared him unfit. Ib. כל כמיניה דפָסֵיל דייני is it in his power to reject judges?; a. fr.Part. pass. as ab. Targ. Y. II Gen. 22:10. Targ. Y. I Lev. 7:18 (Y. II פָּסוּל h. form; h. text פגול); a. e.Targ. Ps. 18:27, v. פְּסִילָא.Keth.61b מאן דעביד הכי פ׳ למאכלוכ׳ he who does a thing like this is unfit to prepare food for the king. Ib. 105b האי דיינא … פ׳ למידן דינא (some ed. פסול) a judge that is in the habit of borrowing (things from his neighbors) is unfit to judge cases. Ib. פְּסִילְנָא לך לדינא I am unfit to be a judge in thy case (because I have been offered a gift); a. fr.V. פְּסוֹל. Ithpe. אִתְפְּסַל, אִתְפְּסֵיל, אִיפְּסִיל 1) to be engraven. Targ. Job 19:24. 2) to be hewn out. Targ. Is. 51:1. 3) to be disqualified, unfit, rejected. Targ. Ps. 68:16. Targ. Y. Num. 8:24 מוּפְסָלִין h. Hof.)Y.Kil.VII, 31a top (read:) א״ל טבא היא ואִיפְסְלַת he said to him, it is a good coin, whereas it had been cancelled. Men.102b לאִיפְּסוּלֵי דגופיה (Ms. M. לפסולא) to become unfit for itself (but not for making unclean); Pes.20a לאיפסולי גופיה; a. fr. Af. אַפְסֵל to make unfit. Ḥull.36a לאַפְסוּלֵי גופיה to cause the object itself to be forbidden (ib. 37a לפסולא דגופיה), v. supra. Pa. פַּסֵּל to cut (stones). Targ. 2 Chr. 24:12 מְפַסְּלִין stone-cutters.

חָטַט 1) to dig, cut out (of the sucket), hollow out. Mikv. IV, 3 החוֹטֵט בצינורוכ׳ if one makes a cavity in a water pipe for the deposit of pebbles. Gen. R. s. 34 היה חוטט אתוכ׳ the embryo would cut its way through Kidd.24b וחֲטָטָהּ and he (the master) cut it (the eye) out. 2) to rake, clean a well. M. Kat. I, 2 וחוֹטְטִין אותן and you may clean the wells. Ib. 5a ח׳ … ואין חופריןוכ׳ you may clean …, but not dig (deepen) (Ib. ולא חוטטין לתוכן you must not rake pebbles into them; v., however vers. Ms. M., Rabb. D. S. a. l.Y. ib. 80b bot. חוטטין אותן גרפין לוןוכ׳ (not חוטטן) ḥottin means ‘they rake them, as we read (Mikv. l. c.). 3) to take sheaves out with a rake. Succ.I, 8 החוטט בגדישוכ׳ if one takes sheaves out of a stack, so as to form a shed (Succah). Ib. 15a. Pi. חִטֵּט 1) to rake. Y.Sabb.III, beg.5c צריך לחַטֵּט בידוכ׳ he must rake (coals and ashes out of the oven) with a handle, which proves that he must clean thoroughly. 2) to make holes, to pick. Tosef.Mikv.VII (VIII), 2 אוצין צריך לחטט Var. (ed. Zuck. לחַטְחֵט) if the holes in the baskets are filled up with grapes, one must clean them by picking. B. Kam.18a תרנגולין שהיו מְחַטְּטִיןוכ׳ chickens that picked on the rope of a bucket. Tosef.B. Mets. VIII, 30 שמְחַטְּטִין אתוכ׳ (Var. שמְחַטְחֲטִין) for they pick holes in the walls. 3) (with אחר) to dig after, to trace with the knife. Ḥull.74b; Tosef. Ib. VII, 54. 4) to trim. Sabb.90a; Men.107a, v. מָחַט. Pilp. חִטְחֵט same. Y.Orl.III, 63a מצוי לחַטְחֵט אחריו it is likely that they dig after it (to take it out of the ground); a. e. (v. supra). Nif. נֶחֶטַט to be dug out, picked out. Kidd.24b נֶחְטְטָח עינה if the birds eye was picked out; Zeb.VII, 5 (68b) Ar. (ed. נסמית). Hithpa. הִתְחַטֵּט to be exhumed. Yeb.63b מתים מִתְחַטְּטִין the dead are exhumed (by the Guebres). Polel (of חוט), part. מְחוֹטֵט (v. מַחַט) stinging (the eye), dazzling, v. infra. Hithpol. הִתְחוֹטֵט to be cut (of jewels), to be polished, glisten. Meg.12a (play on בה̇ט̇, Esth. 1:6) אב̇נים שמִתְח̇וֹטְ֗טֹות על בעליהןוי״א אב̇נים המְח̇וֹטְ֗טוֹת לעינים במקומן Ms. F. (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 5) stones which glisten on those who wear them, and some say, Stones which dazzle the eyes in the place where they are found.

חָטַט 1) to dig, cut out (of the sucket), hollow out. Mikv. IV, 3 החוֹטֵט בצינורוכ׳ if one makes a cavity in a water pipe for the deposit of pebbles. Gen. R. s. 34 היה חוטט אתוכ׳ the embryo would cut its way through Kidd.24b וחֲטָטָהּ and he (the master) cut it (the eye) out. 2) to rake, clean a well. M. Kat. I, 2 וחוֹטְטִין אותן and you may clean the wells. Ib. 5a ח׳ … ואין חופריןוכ׳ you may clean …, but not dig (deepen) (Ib. ולא חוטטין לתוכן you must not rake pebbles into them; v., however vers. Ms. M., Rabb. D. S. a. l.Y. ib. 80b bot. חוטטין אותן גרפין לוןוכ׳ (not חוטטן) ḥottin means ‘they rake them, as we read (Mikv. l. c.). 3) to take sheaves out with a rake. Succ.I, 8 החוטט בגדישוכ׳ if one takes sheaves out of a stack, so as to form a shed (Succah). Ib. 15a. Pi. חִטֵּט 1) to rake. Y.Sabb.III, beg.5c צריך לחַטֵּט בידוכ׳ he must rake (coals and ashes out of the oven) with a handle, which proves that he must clean thoroughly. 2) to make holes, to pick. Tosef.Mikv.VII (VIII), 2 אוצין צריך לחטט Var. (ed. Zuck. לחַטְחֵט) if the holes in the baskets are filled up with grapes, one must clean them by picking. B. Kam.18a תרנגולין שהיו מְחַטְּטִיןוכ׳ chickens that picked on the rope of a bucket. Tosef.B. Mets. VIII, 30 שמְחַטְּטִין אתוכ׳ (Var. שמְחַטְחֲטִין) for they pick holes in the walls. 3) (with אחר) to dig after, to trace with the knife. Ḥull.74b; Tosef. Ib. VII, 54. 4) to trim. Sabb.90a; Men.107a, v. מָחַט. Pilp. חִטְחֵט same. Y.Orl.III, 63a מצוי לחַטְחֵט אחריו it is likely that they dig after it (to take it out of the ground); a. e. (v. supra). Nif. נֶחֶטַט to be dug out, picked out. Kidd.24b נֶחְטְטָח עינה if the birds eye was picked out; Zeb.VII, 5 (68b) Ar. (ed. נסמית). Hithpa. הִתְחַטֵּט to be exhumed. Yeb.63b מתים מִתְחַטְּטִין the dead are exhumed (by the Guebres). Polel (of חוט), part. מְחוֹטֵט (v. מַחַט) stinging (the eye), dazzling, v. infra. Hithpol. הִתְחוֹטֵט to be cut (of jewels), to be polished, glisten. Meg.12a (play on בה̇ט̇, Esth. 1:6) אב̇נים שמִתְח̇וֹטְ֗טֹות על בעליהןוי״א אב̇נים המְח̇וֹטְ֗טוֹת לעינים במקומן Ms. F. (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 5) stones which glisten on those who wear them, and some say, Stones which dazzle the eyes in the place where they are found.

נָתַזPi. נִתֵּז (sec. verb of נָזָה, v. Kidd.25a) 1) (neut. verb) to squirt, fly off. Kidd.25a הרי … מַוֶּה ונִחְּזָה הזאהוכ׳ (perh. Nif.) if a person (priest) was sprinkling for purification, and the sprinkling flew upon his (the unclean persons) mouth. Y.Yoma III, 41a top, a. e. מְנַתְּזִין, v. נִיצֹוץ. B. Kam.II, 1 היו … מנ׳וכ׳ if stones flew off from under the animals feet; a. e. 2) (act. verb) to cause to fly off. Ib. 19a במקים … אלא אם כן מְנַתֶּזֶת where the animal cannot help making stones fly off. Nidd.61a ונִתְּזוּ בקרדומותיהן they chopped with their axes. Hif. הִתִּיז (b. h. הֵתַז) to cause to fly off, to chop off; to squirt. B. Kam. l. c. בעטה והִתִּיזָהוכ׳ she kicked and made stones fly off and thus did damage. Ib. 17b. Snh.102a כשתי מקלות שמַתִּיזֹות זו את זו like two sticks which splinter one another. Sabb.62b ומַתִּיזֹות עליהם and caused the balsam to squirt at them; a. fr.Esp. (with ראש) to decapitate. Snh.VII, 3 היו מַתִּיזִין אתוכ׳ they decapitated him with a sword. Y.Ber.IX, 13a חייבו להַהִּיזוכ׳ he sentenced him to decapitation; Cant. R. to VII, 5; a. fr.Trnsf. to separate syllables or words distinctly, to articulate ( sybillants). Y.Ber.II, 4d צריך להתיז למען תזכרו (ed. Lehm. צריך לה׳ זי״ןוכ׳) you must articulate tiz-kru (emphasizing the zayin, Num. 15:40). Ib. צריך לה׳ כי לצולם חסדו you must articulate ḥas-do (so as not to make it sound ḥasto or ḥazdo.Gitt.70a מַתִּיזִין גופווכ׳ scatter the strength ; En Yaăk. מתישין. Hof. הוּתָּז to be made to fly off, be cut off. Ḥull.27a. Gen. R. s. 9, end יוּתַּז ראשו בסייף his head shall be cut off with a sword. Nif. נִיתַּז to fly off; to splash. Cant. R. l. c. נִתְּזָה החרב … והתיזה the sword flew off the neck of Hoses and struck Nidd.13a נִתְּזִין, v. נִיצוֹץ. Tosef.Macc.II, 1 נִיתְּזָה בקעתוכ׳ if a chip flew off, v. נָשַׁלḤull.VI, 6 דם הנִתָּז the blood which splashes forth at slaughtering; ib. 88a הני׳. Zeb.XI, 3; a. fr.

נָתַזPi. נִתֵּז (sec. verb of נָזָה, v. Kidd.25a) 1) (neut. verb) to squirt, fly off. Kidd.25a הרי … מַוֶּה ונִחְּזָה הזאהוכ׳ (perh. Nif.) if a person (priest) was sprinkling for purification, and the sprinkling flew upon his (the unclean persons) mouth. Y.Yoma III, 41a top, a. e. מְנַתְּזִין, v. נִיצֹוץ. B. Kam.II, 1 היו … מנ׳וכ׳ if stones flew off from under the animals feet; a. e. 2) (act. verb) to cause to fly off. Ib. 19a במקים … אלא אם כן מְנַתֶּזֶת where the animal cannot help making stones fly off. Nidd.61a ונִתְּזוּ בקרדומותיהן they chopped with their axes. Hif. הִתִּיז (b. h. הֵתַז) to cause to fly off, to chop off; to squirt. B. Kam. l. c. בעטה והִתִּיזָהוכ׳ she kicked and made stones fly off and thus did damage. Ib. 17b. Snh.102a כשתי מקלות שמַתִּיזֹות זו את זו like two sticks which splinter one another. Sabb.62b ומַתִּיזֹות עליהם and caused the balsam to squirt at them; a. fr.Esp. (with ראש) to decapitate. Snh.VII, 3 היו מַתִּיזִין אתוכ׳ they decapitated him with a sword. Y.Ber.IX, 13a חייבו להַהִּיזוכ׳ he sentenced him to decapitation; Cant. R. to VII, 5; a. fr.Trnsf. to separate syllables or words distinctly, to articulate ( sybillants). Y.Ber.II, 4d צריך להתיז למען תזכרו (ed. Lehm. צריך לה׳ זי״ןוכ׳) you must articulate tiz-kru (emphasizing the zayin, Num. 15:40). Ib. צריך לה׳ כי לצולם חסדו you must articulate ḥas-do (so as not to make it sound ḥasto or ḥazdo.Gitt.70a מַתִּיזִין גופווכ׳ scatter the strength ; En Yaăk. מתישין. Hof. הוּתָּז to be made to fly off, be cut off. Ḥull.27a. Gen. R. s. 9, end יוּתַּז ראשו בסייף his head shall be cut off with a sword. Nif. נִיתַּז to fly off; to splash. Cant. R. l. c. נִתְּזָה החרב … והתיזה the sword flew off the neck of Hoses and struck Nidd.13a נִתְּזִין, v. נִיצוֹץ. Tosef.Macc.II, 1 נִיתְּזָה בקעתוכ׳ if a chip flew off, v. נָשַׁלḤull.VI, 6 דם הנִתָּז the blood which splashes forth at slaughtering; ib. 88a הני׳. Zeb.XI, 3; a. fr.

רוּם, רִיםch. sam(רום, ריםto be high, lifted up; to rise), to be high. Targ. Ps. 89:14. Targ. O. Deut. 8:14 וִירַם ed. Berl. (oth. ed. וִירִים, וְרִים); a. fr. 2) to lift; to remove. Targ. Ps. 89:18 תְּרִים.Y.Bets. I, 60c bot. ורִימוּנָהּ and they lifted it. Y.Snh.X, 29a bot. כיון דרִימֵיה when he had removed it. Y.Ab. Zar. IV, 43d מן דרִימוֹן when he had removed them (the stones); a. e. Af. אָרֵים, אֲרִים 1) to swing; to wave an offering; to uplift. Targ. Ex. 7:20. Targ. O. ib. 17:11 מַרִים ed. Berl. (ed. Vien. יְרִים). Targ. Is. 30:28 (h. text להנפה). Targ. Lev. 23:11 (h. text והניף); a. fr.Part. pass. מְרִים; f. pl. מְרִימָן. Targ. Is. 3:16 (h. text נטויות). 2) to lift take off, remove. Lam. R. to V, 5 אֲרִימוּן ראשיה מיניה cut his head off. Y. Ab. Zar. l. c. בחייך דאת מֵרִים איליןוכ׳ by thy life! thou must remove these stones; a. e. Ithpa. אִתָּרַם, Ithpe. אִיתְּרַם, אִיתְּרִים 1) to be uplifted, rise. Targ. Gen. 7:17; a. e. 2) to be swung, waved (as an offering). Targ. Ex. 29:27 (h. text הונף); a. e. 3) to be taken off, removed. Lam. R. to V, 16 והא ניחא ליה דאיתרים רישיהוכ׳ it would have been better for him that his head be cut off rather than do this; Koh. R. to X, 5 נייח הוה דיִיתְּרִיםוכ׳; Y.Sot.IX, 24b sq. נייח ליה אילו איתריםוכ׳. Polel רוֹמֵם to elevate, extol. Targ. Ps. 37:34. Ib. 145:1. Targ. Y. I Deut. 32:3; a. e.Part. pass. מְרוֹמַם. Targ. Ps. 18:47 (not מרומֵם); Targ. 2 Sam. 22:47; a. e.V. מְרָמַם. Ithpol. אִתְרוֹמַם to be lifted up; to be extolled. Targ. Ps. 107:25. Ib. 75:11. Ib. 108:6; a. e.Y.Maas. Sh. IV, end, 55c את מִתְרוֹמְמָא, v. הֲדָרָא. Palp. דַמְרֵם, contr. רוֹרֵם, רָרֵם to elevate. Targ. Ps. 9:14 מְרוֹרֵם Ms. (ed. מְרוֹמֵם). Ib. 27:5. Targ. Prov. 17:19 מְרָרֵים Ms. (ed. מרים, מורים). Ib. 14:34. Ithpalp. אִתְרַמְרַם, contr. אִתְרוֹרַם, אִתְרָרַם 1) to be elevated, rise. Targ. Ps. 57:6; 12. Targ. Prov. 11:11; a. e. 2) to be haughty, proud. Ib. 18:12.Apocopated form: אִתְרַמַּר. Ib. 6:30 לא למִתְרַמָרוּוכ׳ ed. (h. text יבוזו) let them not look haughtily down on the thief ; v. דְּמַר.

רוּם, רִיםch. sam(רום, ריםto be high, lifted up; to rise), to be high. Targ. Ps. 89:14. Targ. O. Deut. 8:14 וִירַם ed. Berl. (oth. ed. וִירִים, וְרִים); a. fr. 2) to lift; to remove. Targ. Ps. 89:18 תְּרִים.Y.Bets. I, 60c bot. ורִימוּנָהּ and they lifted it. Y.Snh.X, 29a bot. כיון דרִימֵיה when he had removed it. Y.Ab. Zar. IV, 43d מן דרִימוֹן when he had removed them (the stones); a. e. Af. אָרֵים, אֲרִים 1) to swing; to wave an offering; to uplift. Targ. Ex. 7:20. Targ. O. ib. 17:11 מַרִים ed. Berl. (ed. Vien. יְרִים). Targ. Is. 30:28 (h. text להנפה). Targ. Lev. 23:11 (h. text והניף); a. fr.Part. pass. מְרִים; f. pl. מְרִימָן. Targ. Is. 3:16 (h. text נטויות). 2) to lift take off, remove. Lam. R. to V, 5 אֲרִימוּן ראשיה מיניה cut his head off. Y. Ab. Zar. l. c. בחייך דאת מֵרִים איליןוכ׳ by thy life! thou must remove these stones; a. e. Ithpa. אִתָּרַם, Ithpe. אִיתְּרַם, אִיתְּרִים 1) to be uplifted, rise. Targ. Gen. 7:17; a. e. 2) to be swung, waved (as an offering). Targ. Ex. 29:27 (h. text הונף); a. e. 3) to be taken off, removed. Lam. R. to V, 16 והא ניחא ליה דאיתרים רישיהוכ׳ it would have been better for him that his head be cut off rather than do this; Koh. R. to X, 5 נייח הוה דיִיתְּרִיםוכ׳; Y.Sot.IX, 24b sq. נייח ליה אילו איתריםוכ׳. Polel רוֹמֵם to elevate, extol. Targ. Ps. 37:34. Ib. 145:1. Targ. Y. I Deut. 32:3; a. e.Part. pass. מְרוֹמַם. Targ. Ps. 18:47 (not מרומֵם); Targ. 2 Sam. 22:47; a. e.V. מְרָמַם. Ithpol. אִתְרוֹמַם to be lifted up; to be extolled. Targ. Ps. 107:25. Ib. 75:11. Ib. 108:6; a. e.Y.Maas. Sh. IV, end, 55c את מִתְרוֹמְמָא, v. הֲדָרָא. Palp. דַמְרֵם, contr. רוֹרֵם, רָרֵם to elevate. Targ. Ps. 9:14 מְרוֹרֵם Ms. (ed. מְרוֹמֵם). Ib. 27:5. Targ. Prov. 17:19 מְרָרֵים Ms. (ed. מרים, מורים). Ib. 14:34. Ithpalp. אִתְרַמְרַם, contr. אִתְרוֹרַם, אִתְרָרַם 1) to be elevated, rise. Targ. Ps. 57:6; 12. Targ. Prov. 11:11; a. e. 2) to be haughty, proud. Ib. 18:12.Apocopated form: אִתְרַמַּר. Ib. 6:30 לא למִתְרַמָרוּוכ׳ ed. (h. text יבוזו) let them not look haughtily down on the thief ; v. דְּמַר.

רוּם, רִיםch. sam(רום, ריםto be high, lifted up; to rise), to be high. Targ. Ps. 89:14. Targ. O. Deut. 8:14 וִירַם ed. Berl. (oth. ed. וִירִים, וְרִים); a. fr. 2) to lift; to remove. Targ. Ps. 89:18 תְּרִים.Y.Bets. I, 60c bot. ורִימוּנָהּ and they lifted it. Y.Snh.X, 29a bot. כיון דרִימֵיה when he had removed it. Y.Ab. Zar. IV, 43d מן דרִימוֹן when he had removed them (the stones); a. e. Af. אָרֵים, אֲרִים 1) to swing; to wave an offering; to uplift. Targ. Ex. 7:20. Targ. O. ib. 17:11 מַרִים ed. Berl. (ed. Vien. יְרִים). Targ. Is. 30:28 (h. text להנפה). Targ. Lev. 23:11 (h. text והניף); a. fr.Part. pass. מְרִים; f. pl. מְרִימָן. Targ. Is. 3:16 (h. text נטויות). 2) to lift take off, remove. Lam. R. to V, 5 אֲרִימוּן ראשיה מיניה cut his head off. Y. Ab. Zar. l. c. בחייך דאת מֵרִים איליןוכ׳ by thy life! thou must remove these stones; a. e. Ithpa. אִתָּרַם, Ithpe. אִיתְּרַם, אִיתְּרִים 1) to be uplifted, rise. Targ. Gen. 7:17; a. e. 2) to be swung, waved (as an offering). Targ. Ex. 29:27 (h. text הונף); a. e. 3) to be taken off, removed. Lam. R. to V, 16 והא ניחא ליה דאיתרים רישיהוכ׳ it would have been better for him that his head be cut off rather than do this; Koh. R. to X, 5 נייח הוה דיִיתְּרִיםוכ׳; Y.Sot.IX, 24b sq. נייח ליה אילו איתריםוכ׳. Polel רוֹמֵם to elevate, extol. Targ. Ps. 37:34. Ib. 145:1. Targ. Y. I Deut. 32:3; a. e.Part. pass. מְרוֹמַם. Targ. Ps. 18:47 (not מרומֵם); Targ. 2 Sam. 22:47; a. e.V. מְרָמַם. Ithpol. אִתְרוֹמַם to be lifted up; to be extolled. Targ. Ps. 107:25. Ib. 75:11. Ib. 108:6; a. e.Y.Maas. Sh. IV, end, 55c את מִתְרוֹמְמָא, v. הֲדָרָא. Palp. דַמְרֵם, contr. רוֹרֵם, רָרֵם to elevate. Targ. Ps. 9:14 מְרוֹרֵם Ms. (ed. מְרוֹמֵם). Ib. 27:5. Targ. Prov. 17:19 מְרָרֵים Ms. (ed. מרים, מורים). Ib. 14:34. Ithpalp. אִתְרַמְרַם, contr. אִתְרוֹרַם, אִתְרָרַם 1) to be elevated, rise. Targ. Ps. 57:6; 12. Targ. Prov. 11:11; a. e. 2) to be haughty, proud. Ib. 18:12.Apocopated form: אִתְרַמַּר. Ib. 6:30 לא למִתְרַמָרוּוכ׳ ed. (h. text יבוזו) let them not look haughtily down on the thief ; v. דְּמַר.

רוּם, רִיםch. sam(רום, ריםto be high, lifted up; to rise), to be high. Targ. Ps. 89:14. Targ. O. Deut. 8:14 וִירַם ed. Berl. (oth. ed. וִירִים, וְרִים); a. fr. 2) to lift; to remove. Targ. Ps. 89:18 תְּרִים.Y.Bets. I, 60c bot. ורִימוּנָהּ and they lifted it. Y.Snh.X, 29a bot. כיון דרִימֵיה when he had removed it. Y.Ab. Zar. IV, 43d מן דרִימוֹן when he had removed them (the stones); a. e. Af. אָרֵים, אֲרִים 1) to swing; to wave an offering; to uplift. Targ. Ex. 7:20. Targ. O. ib. 17:11 מַרִים ed. Berl. (ed. Vien. יְרִים). Targ. Is. 30:28 (h. text להנפה). Targ. Lev. 23:11 (h. text והניף); a. fr.Part. pass. מְרִים; f. pl. מְרִימָן. Targ. Is. 3:16 (h. text נטויות). 2) to lift take off, remove. Lam. R. to V, 5 אֲרִימוּן ראשיה מיניה cut his head off. Y. Ab. Zar. l. c. בחייך דאת מֵרִים איליןוכ׳ by thy life! thou must remove these stones; a. e. Ithpa. אִתָּרַם, Ithpe. אִיתְּרַם, אִיתְּרִים 1) to be uplifted, rise. Targ. Gen. 7:17; a. e. 2) to be swung, waved (as an offering). Targ. Ex. 29:27 (h. text הונף); a. e. 3) to be taken off, removed. Lam. R. to V, 16 והא ניחא ליה דאיתרים רישיהוכ׳ it would have been better for him that his head be cut off rather than do this; Koh. R. to X, 5 נייח הוה דיִיתְּרִיםוכ׳; Y.Sot.IX, 24b sq. נייח ליה אילו איתריםוכ׳. Polel רוֹמֵם to elevate, extol. Targ. Ps. 37:34. Ib. 145:1. Targ. Y. I Deut. 32:3; a. e.Part. pass. מְרוֹמַם. Targ. Ps. 18:47 (not מרומֵם); Targ. 2 Sam. 22:47; a. e.V. מְרָמַם. Ithpol. אִתְרוֹמַם to be lifted up; to be extolled. Targ. Ps. 107:25. Ib. 75:11. Ib. 108:6; a. e.Y.Maas. Sh. IV, end, 55c את מִתְרוֹמְמָא, v. הֲדָרָא. Palp. דַמְרֵם, contr. רוֹרֵם, רָרֵם to elevate. Targ. Ps. 9:14 מְרוֹרֵם Ms. (ed. מְרוֹמֵם). Ib. 27:5. Targ. Prov. 17:19 מְרָרֵים Ms. (ed. מרים, מורים). Ib. 14:34. Ithpalp. אִתְרַמְרַם, contr. אִתְרוֹרַם, אִתְרָרַם 1) to be elevated, rise. Targ. Ps. 57:6; 12. Targ. Prov. 11:11; a. e. 2) to be haughty, proud. Ib. 18:12.Apocopated form: אִתְרַמַּר. Ib. 6:30 לא למִתְרַמָרוּוכ׳ ed. (h. text יבוזו) let them not look haughtily down on the thief ; v. דְּמַר.

פָּתַח(b. h.) 1) to open, begin. Y.Ber.VI, end, 10d על כל … שהיה פוֹתֵהַוכ׳ over each cask as he opened it he said the benediction Sabb.104a, a. e. פּוֹתְחִין לו (Var. פְּתָחִין), v. טָמֵא I. Ib. 48a מתירין … אבל לא פותחין you may untie the neck-hole of a shirt, but not cut it open (on the Sabbath). Y.Taan.I, 64b top (ref. to Is. 45:8) כנקבה … פוֹתַחַתוכ׳ like the female that opens for the male. Ned.III, 4 לא יִפְתַּח לו בנדר he must not begin (offer his willingness) to make a vow (in order to escape robbery, v. נָדַר); a. v. fr.Part. pass. פָּתוּחַ; פְּתוּחָה; pl. פְּתוּחִים, פְּתוּחִין, פְּתוּחוֹת. Yeb.71b, a. e. נסתם הפ׳, v. סָתַם. Snh.94a, v. סָהֵם (v. מנצפ״ך). Meg.3a, פ׳ באמצע, v. סָתַם. Erub.IV, 6 שלש חצירות הפ׳ זו לזו ופ׳וכ׳ three courts opening into (communicating with) one another and into the public road; a. v. fr. פתה פתוח, v. פֶּתַח.Esp. (פרשה) פְּתוּחָה a paragraph in the Torah beginning with a new, indented line, opp. סתומה. Treat. Sofrim I, 14 איזהו פ׳ כל שלאוכ׳ what is an open paragraph? Such as does not begin at the beginning of a line, וכמה … ותהא נקראת פ׳ and how much space must one leave … for a paragraph to be called open?; a. fr.Trnsf. (to open the door to,) to introduce (into learning). Y.M. Kat. III, 83b top איזהו רבו כל שפ׳ לו תחלה who is called ones (special) teacher? He who was the first to initiate him; a. e.Esp. to open an opportunity for retracting a vow, to suggest reasons which, if known at the time, would have prevented the person from making the vow, v. חֲרָטָה. Ned.IX, 1 פותחין לאדם בכביךוכ׳ the judges offer suggestions taken from the respect due to parents (saying, if you had known that this vow cast a reflection on your father). Ib. רִפְתְּחוּ לו בכבוד המקים why not suggest to him the reverence due to the Lord (‘if you had known that he who makes a vow is considered an evil-doer)? Ib. 4 פותחין לו מן הכתובוכ׳ we offer suggestions to him from what is written in the Law, saying to him, if you had known that (in fulfilling that vow) you would transgress the law forbidding revenge ; a. fr.B. Kam.27a פ׳ בכד וסיים בחבית the Mishnah begins with kad and closes with ḥabith! Ber.10a פ׳ בה באשריוכ׳ v. סוּם I h. Gen. R. s. 84 אתה פָתֵחְתָּ תחלה בהצלתוכ׳ thou wast the first man to speak of saving life; אתה פתחת בתשובהוכ׳ thou wast the first to do repentance, … one of thy descendants shall rise and be the first (prophet) to call for repentance; a. fr.Esp. to open a lecture with a (Biblical) text. Pesik. Aḥăré, p. 170a> ר׳ לוי פ׳וכ׳ R. Levi took up the text (Ps. 75:5) Gen. R. s. 1; a. v. fr.Pesik. R. s. 33 (an editorial gloss) פ׳ בכל אלו הפרשיות the author takes his texts from all those (quoted) passages. 2) to explain, speak plainly. Shek. V, 1; Men.65a (ref. to פתחיה as identical with מרדכי) he was named Pethahia, שהיה פותח דברים ודורשןוכ׳ (not בדברים) because he explained words and interpreted them (etymologically) and knew seventy languages.Part. pass. as ab. Sifré Aḥăré, beg., v. סָתַם. Nif. נִפְתַּח 1) to be opened. Yeb.71b, a. e., v. סָתַם. R. Hash. 16b שלשה … נִפְתָּחִין בר״ה three books are opened (for recording) on the New Years Day. B. Bath. 125b, v. סוּם I, Nithpa. Pesik. R. l. c. להִיפָּתֵחַ to have ones bowels opened, v. פְּסִיעָה; a. fr.Ib. (editorial gloss) ונ׳ עוד שם בפרשתוכ׳ and furthermore this section (Is. 61:1) was used as the opening text; a. fr.Esp. to have ones eyes opened, to become seeing. Pesik. R. s. 42 בשילדה שדה כל סומא … נ׳ when Sarah gave birth, every blind person in the world was restored to sight; a. e. Pi. פִּיתֵּהֵ 1) to open. Ib. פי׳ הפילקיות he opened the prisons. Par. III, 8 ועושין … ומְפַתְּחִין בה חלונות they piled wood in the shape of a tower and opened windows in it. Zeb.88b רימונים שלא פִיתְּחוּ פיהן (Ms. K. a. R. 2 נִפְתְּהוּ; Ms. R. 1 נִתְפַּתְּחוּ, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 5) pomegranates which have not yet burst open; a. e. 2) to engrave. Y.Ab. Zar. III, 43b Pl. פי׳ בה פיתוחים if he cut designs into it. 3) to dig, break ground. Pirké dR. El. ch. XXVIII; Gen. R. s. 76 כשיצמד … יְפַתְּחוּ וישדדווכ׳ when an ox and a cow are harnessed together, they will break and harrow all valleys. Hithpa. הִתְפַּתֵּחַ, Nithpa. נִתְפַּתֵּחַ 1) to be opened, v. supra. Pesik. R. s. 31 נִתְפַּתְּחוּ בדם they (their cavities) were opened with (discharged) blood; a. e. 2) to be cut into, graven. Tosef.Sot.XV, 1; Y. ib. IX, 24b וכיון … היו מִתְפַּתְּחוֹת לפניווכ׳ and when they let it (the Shamir, v. שָׁמִיר) look at the stones, they were engraven before it like the (wax-covered) tablets Y.Kil.VII, beg.30d מתפתחת R. S. to Kil. VIII, 1, v. פִּתְפֵּת.

פָּתַח(b. h.) 1) to open, begin. Y.Ber.VI, end, 10d על כל … שהיה פוֹתֵהַוכ׳ over each cask as he opened it he said the benediction Sabb.104a, a. e. פּוֹתְחִין לו (Var. פְּתָחִין), v. טָמֵא I. Ib. 48a מתירין … אבל לא פותחין you may untie the neck-hole of a shirt, but not cut it open (on the Sabbath). Y.Taan.I, 64b top (ref. to Is. 45:8) כנקבה … פוֹתַחַתוכ׳ like the female that opens for the male. Ned.III, 4 לא יִפְתַּח לו בנדר he must not begin (offer his willingness) to make a vow (in order to escape robbery, v. נָדַר); a. v. fr.Part. pass. פָּתוּחַ; פְּתוּחָה; pl. פְּתוּחִים, פְּתוּחִין, פְּתוּחוֹת. Yeb.71b, a. e. נסתם הפ׳, v. סָתַם. Snh.94a, v. סָהֵם (v. מנצפ״ך). Meg.3a, פ׳ באמצע, v. סָתַם. Erub.IV, 6 שלש חצירות הפ׳ זו לזו ופ׳וכ׳ three courts opening into (communicating with) one another and into the public road; a. v. fr. פתה פתוח, v. פֶּתַח.Esp. (פרשה) פְּתוּחָה a paragraph in the Torah beginning with a new, indented line, opp. סתומה. Treat. Sofrim I, 14 איזהו פ׳ כל שלאוכ׳ what is an open paragraph? Such as does not begin at the beginning of a line, וכמה … ותהא נקראת פ׳ and how much space must one leave … for a paragraph to be called open?; a. fr.Trnsf. (to open the door to,) to introduce (into learning). Y.M. Kat. III, 83b top איזהו רבו כל שפ׳ לו תחלה who is called ones (special) teacher? He who was the first to initiate him; a. e.Esp. to open an opportunity for retracting a vow, to suggest reasons which, if known at the time, would have prevented the person from making the vow, v. חֲרָטָה. Ned.IX, 1 פותחין לאדם בכביךוכ׳ the judges offer suggestions taken from the respect due to parents (saying, if you had known that this vow cast a reflection on your father). Ib. רִפְתְּחוּ לו בכבוד המקים why not suggest to him the reverence due to the Lord (‘if you had known that he who makes a vow is considered an evil-doer)? Ib. 4 פותחין לו מן הכתובוכ׳ we offer suggestions to him from what is written in the Law, saying to him, if you had known that (in fulfilling that vow) you would transgress the law forbidding revenge ; a. fr.B. Kam.27a פ׳ בכד וסיים בחבית the Mishnah begins with kad and closes with ḥabith! Ber.10a פ׳ בה באשריוכ׳ v. סוּם I h. Gen. R. s. 84 אתה פָתֵחְתָּ תחלה בהצלתוכ׳ thou wast the first man to speak of saving life; אתה פתחת בתשובהוכ׳ thou wast the first to do repentance, … one of thy descendants shall rise and be the first (prophet) to call for repentance; a. fr.Esp. to open a lecture with a (Biblical) text. Pesik. Aḥăré, p. 170a> ר׳ לוי פ׳וכ׳ R. Levi took up the text (Ps. 75:5) Gen. R. s. 1; a. v. fr.Pesik. R. s. 33 (an editorial gloss) פ׳ בכל אלו הפרשיות the author takes his texts from all those (quoted) passages. 2) to explain, speak plainly. Shek. V, 1; Men.65a (ref. to פתחיה as identical with מרדכי) he was named Pethahia, שהיה פותח דברים ודורשןוכ׳ (not בדברים) because he explained words and interpreted them (etymologically) and knew seventy languages.Part. pass. as ab. Sifré Aḥăré, beg., v. סָתַם. Nif. נִפְתַּח 1) to be opened. Yeb.71b, a. e., v. סָתַם. R. Hash. 16b שלשה … נִפְתָּחִין בר״ה three books are opened (for recording) on the New Years Day. B. Bath. 125b, v. סוּם I, Nithpa. Pesik. R. l. c. להִיפָּתֵחַ to have ones bowels opened, v. פְּסִיעָה; a. fr.Ib. (editorial gloss) ונ׳ עוד שם בפרשתוכ׳ and furthermore this section (Is. 61:1) was used as the opening text; a. fr.Esp. to have ones eyes opened, to become seeing. Pesik. R. s. 42 בשילדה שדה כל סומא … נ׳ when Sarah gave birth, every blind person in the world was restored to sight; a. e. Pi. פִּיתֵּהֵ 1) to open. Ib. פי׳ הפילקיות he opened the prisons. Par. III, 8 ועושין … ומְפַתְּחִין בה חלונות they piled wood in the shape of a tower and opened windows in it. Zeb.88b רימונים שלא פִיתְּחוּ פיהן (Ms. K. a. R. 2 נִפְתְּהוּ; Ms. R. 1 נִתְפַּתְּחוּ, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 5) pomegranates which have not yet burst open; a. e. 2) to engrave. Y.Ab. Zar. III, 43b Pl. פי׳ בה פיתוחים if he cut designs into it. 3) to dig, break ground. Pirké dR. El. ch. XXVIII; Gen. R. s. 76 כשיצמד … יְפַתְּחוּ וישדדווכ׳ when an ox and a cow are harnessed together, they will break and harrow all valleys. Hithpa. הִתְפַּתֵּחַ, Nithpa. נִתְפַּתֵּחַ 1) to be opened, v. supra. Pesik. R. s. 31 נִתְפַּתְּחוּ בדם they (their cavities) were opened with (discharged) blood; a. e. 2) to be cut into, graven. Tosef.Sot.XV, 1; Y. ib. IX, 24b וכיון … היו מִתְפַּתְּחוֹת לפניווכ׳ and when they let it (the Shamir, v. שָׁמִיר) look at the stones, they were engraven before it like the (wax-covered) tablets Y.Kil.VII, beg.30d מתפתחת R. S. to Kil. VIII, 1, v. פִּתְפֵּת.

פָּסַל(b. h.) 1) to cut, chip, hew, trim. Tanḥ. ʿEḳeb 9 (ref. to Koh. 3:5) עת היה לִפְסוֹל שניוכ׳ the time came to hew other two tablets (in place of the broken). Ib. מתחת כסא הכבוד פְּסָלָן he hewed them from under the throne of glory. Ab. Zar.52a (ref. to Deut. 7:25) משפְּסָלוֹ נעשה אלוה as soon as a gentile has done chiselling on it, it becomes a deity (an idol forbidden to Jews for any use); ib. פסלו לאלוה לאוכ׳ when the gentile has hewed it for a god, thou shalt not covet it; פסלו מאלוה ולקחת לך when he chips it so as to unfit it as an idol (v. infra), thou mayest take it unto thyself; a. e.Part. pass. פָּסוּל; f. פְּסוּלָה; pl. פְּסוּלִים, פְּסוּלִין; פְּסוּלוֹת a) chiselled, chipped. Lev. R. s. 22 אבנים פ׳ chipped stones (unfit for the altar); a. e.b) (cmp. פָּגַם) defective, unfit, disqualified, v. פָּסוּל. 2) (denom. of פָּסוּל) to disqualify, to be the cause of disqualification of; to declare unfit. Ḥull.III, 12 פּוֹסְלִין, v. כָּשֵׁר I. Ab. Zar. l. c. מניין לנכרי שפּוֹסֵל אלוהו how will you prove that a gentile can cancel his deity (by disfiguring it)? Kidd.70a אוי לו לפוסל את זרעו ולפוגםוכ׳ woe to him who causes his descendants to be disqualified and his family to be tarnished. Ib. כל הפוסל פסול he who tarnishes (casts suspicion on the purity of a family) is himself tarnished (of spurious descent); במומו פוסל he charges others with his own defect. Ex. R. s. 1 החזירתו … ופ׳ את כלן she (Pharaohs daughter) took him (the infant Moses) around to all Egyptian women to give him suck, but he rejected all of them (refused to take their breasts); ולמה פְסָלָן and why did he reject them? Snh.III, 1 זה פוֹסֵל דיינו של זהוכ׳ each has a right to reject the judge chosen by the other; אם היו כשרים … אינו יכול לפוֹסְלָן if they are fit (not legally disqualified) or authorized, he cannot reject them. Ib. זה פוסל עדיווכ׳ every witness in a case may help by his testimony to disqualify the opposing partys witnesses. R. Hash. I, 7 קבלו … ופָסְלוּוכ׳ they accepted as witnesses himself and his son, and rejected his slave. Mikv. II, 4 פּוֹסְלִין את המקוה are sufficient to make the pond unfit for ritual immersion. Ib. VII, 5 לא פְסָלוּהוּ they do not make the blood unfit. Zeb.I, 4 המחשבה פוֹסֶלֶת the improper intention makes the sacrifice unfit. Succ.II, 7, a. e. בית שמאי פוסלין the school of Sh. declares such a Succah to be ritually unfit; a. v. fr.Trnsf. to cancel, abrogate. B. Kam.97a פְּסָלַתּוּ מלכות the government cancelled the coin; פסלתו מדינה the inhabitants of the district refused to pass it.Gen. R. s. 30, beg. כל מקום שנאמר אלה פ׳ את הראשוניםוכ׳ wherever the Biblical text has ‘these, it is meant to cancel (exclude) the preceding; wherever it has ‘and these, it is to add to the preceding; Ex. R. s. 1 אלה תולדות … פ׳וכ׳ ‘these are the origins of heaven and earth (Gen. 2:4), this excludes the time of chaos; a. fr. Nif. נִפִסַל 1) to be hewn, sculptured. Sifra Kdosh. beg. פסל על שהם נִפְסָלִין idols are named pesel, because they are sculptured; (Yalk. Lev. 604 פסולין). 2) to be disqualified, made unfit, declared unfit. Zeb.I, 4 הזבח נ׳ ארבעהוכ׳ a sacrifice may become unfit by improper actions in four stages, at the slaughtering Pes.15b; 45b הפת … ונִפְסְלָה מלאכול if bread becomes mouldy and unfit for man to eat. Toh. VIII, 6 עד שיִפָּסֵל מאוכל הכלב until it becomes unfit for a dog to eat; Y.Ḥall.IV, 60a top עד שתִּפְסוֹל. Men.100a, v. פְּסוֹל. Num. R. s. 6 end לא היו נִפְסָלִים אלא בקול they (the Levites) became unfit for service only when they lost their voice for song. B. Kam.IX, 2 נִפְסְלָה מעל גבי המזבח became unfit for the altar; a. fr.Trnsf. to be cancelled, abrogated. B. Kam. l. c. (גזל) מטבע ונ׳ if one stole a coin, and it was invalidated (before he made the restitution). Snh.104b (expl. סִלָּה, Lam. 1:15) כאדם שאומר לחברו נפסלה מטבע זו as one says to his neighbor, this coin is worthless; v. סָלָא; a. e. Pi. פִּיסֵּל to cut off dry twigs, to trim. Shebi. II, 3 מְפַסְּלִין עדוכ׳ (in the ante-Sabbatical year) you may trim trees up to New Year, v. פִּיסּוּל. Mikv. IX, 7 מְפַסְּלי אילנות trimmers of trees. Y.Sabb.VII, 10a top; a. e.Yalk. Deut. 942 מְפַסְּלוֹ במעצד he chips it (the crooked staff) with the adze; Sifré ib. 308 מפתלו (corr. acc.). Hif. הִפְסִיל to find fault, to speak contemptuously. Koh. R. to XI, 9 שהיה מַפְסִיל בנשיםוכ׳ who used to find fault with women (considering none good enough for him as wife), and was a profligate.(Part. pass. מוּפְסָל, v. next w.

פָּסַל(b. h.) 1) to cut, chip, hew, trim. Tanḥ. ʿEḳeb 9 (ref. to Koh. 3:5) עת היה לִפְסוֹל שניוכ׳ the time came to hew other two tablets (in place of the broken). Ib. מתחת כסא הכבוד פְּסָלָן he hewed them from under the throne of glory. Ab. Zar.52a (ref. to Deut. 7:25) משפְּסָלוֹ נעשה אלוה as soon as a gentile has done chiselling on it, it becomes a deity (an idol forbidden to Jews for any use); ib. פסלו לאלוה לאוכ׳ when the gentile has hewed it for a god, thou shalt not covet it; פסלו מאלוה ולקחת לך when he chips it so as to unfit it as an idol (v. infra), thou mayest take it unto thyself; a. e.Part. pass. פָּסוּל; f. פְּסוּלָה; pl. פְּסוּלִים, פְּסוּלִין; פְּסוּלוֹת a) chiselled, chipped. Lev. R. s. 22 אבנים פ׳ chipped stones (unfit for the altar); a. e.b) (cmp. פָּגַם) defective, unfit, disqualified, v. פָּסוּל. 2) (denom. of פָּסוּל) to disqualify, to be the cause of disqualification of; to declare unfit. Ḥull.III, 12 פּוֹסְלִין, v. כָּשֵׁר I. Ab. Zar. l. c. מניין לנכרי שפּוֹסֵל אלוהו how will you prove that a gentile can cancel his deity (by disfiguring it)? Kidd.70a אוי לו לפוסל את זרעו ולפוגםוכ׳ woe to him who causes his descendants to be disqualified and his family to be tarnished. Ib. כל הפוסל פסול he who tarnishes (casts suspicion on the purity of a family) is himself tarnished (of spurious descent); במומו פוסל he charges others with his own defect. Ex. R. s. 1 החזירתו … ופ׳ את כלן she (Pharaohs daughter) took him (the infant Moses) around to all Egyptian women to give him suck, but he rejected all of them (refused to take their breasts); ולמה פְסָלָן and why did he reject them? Snh.III, 1 זה פוֹסֵל דיינו של זהוכ׳ each has a right to reject the judge chosen by the other; אם היו כשרים … אינו יכול לפוֹסְלָן if they are fit (not legally disqualified) or authorized, he cannot reject them. Ib. זה פוסל עדיווכ׳ every witness in a case may help by his testimony to disqualify the opposing partys witnesses. R. Hash. I, 7 קבלו … ופָסְלוּוכ׳ they accepted as witnesses himself and his son, and rejected his slave. Mikv. II, 4 פּוֹסְלִין את המקוה are sufficient to make the pond unfit for ritual immersion. Ib. VII, 5 לא פְסָלוּהוּ they do not make the blood unfit. Zeb.I, 4 המחשבה פוֹסֶלֶת the improper intention makes the sacrifice unfit. Succ.II, 7, a. e. בית שמאי פוסלין the school of Sh. declares such a Succah to be ritually unfit; a. v. fr.Trnsf. to cancel, abrogate. B. Kam.97a פְּסָלַתּוּ מלכות the government cancelled the coin; פסלתו מדינה the inhabitants of the district refused to pass it.Gen. R. s. 30, beg. כל מקום שנאמר אלה פ׳ את הראשוניםוכ׳ wherever the Biblical text has ‘these, it is meant to cancel (exclude) the preceding; wherever it has ‘and these, it is to add to the preceding; Ex. R. s. 1 אלה תולדות … פ׳וכ׳ ‘these are the origins of heaven and earth (Gen. 2:4), this excludes the time of chaos; a. fr. Nif. נִפִסַל 1) to be hewn, sculptured. Sifra Kdosh. beg. פסל על שהם נִפְסָלִין idols are named pesel, because they are sculptured; (Yalk. Lev. 604 פסולין). 2) to be disqualified, made unfit, declared unfit. Zeb.I, 4 הזבח נ׳ ארבעהוכ׳ a sacrifice may become unfit by improper actions in four stages, at the slaughtering Pes.15b; 45b הפת … ונִפְסְלָה מלאכול if bread becomes mouldy and unfit for man to eat. Toh. VIII, 6 עד שיִפָּסֵל מאוכל הכלב until it becomes unfit for a dog to eat; Y.Ḥall.IV, 60a top עד שתִּפְסוֹל. Men.100a, v. פְּסוֹל. Num. R. s. 6 end לא היו נִפְסָלִים אלא בקול they (the Levites) became unfit for service only when they lost their voice for song. B. Kam.IX, 2 נִפְסְלָה מעל גבי המזבח became unfit for the altar; a. fr.Trnsf. to be cancelled, abrogated. B. Kam. l. c. (גזל) מטבע ונ׳ if one stole a coin, and it was invalidated (before he made the restitution). Snh.104b (expl. סִלָּה, Lam. 1:15) כאדם שאומר לחברו נפסלה מטבע זו as one says to his neighbor, this coin is worthless; v. סָלָא; a. e. Pi. פִּיסֵּל to cut off dry twigs, to trim. Shebi. II, 3 מְפַסְּלִין עדוכ׳ (in the ante-Sabbatical year) you may trim trees up to New Year, v. פִּיסּוּל. Mikv. IX, 7 מְפַסְּלי אילנות trimmers of trees. Y.Sabb.VII, 10a top; a. e.Yalk. Deut. 942 מְפַסְּלוֹ במעצד he chips it (the crooked staff) with the adze; Sifré ib. 308 מפתלו (corr. acc.). Hif. הִפְסִיל to find fault, to speak contemptuously. Koh. R. to XI, 9 שהיה מַפְסִיל בנשיםוכ׳ who used to find fault with women (considering none good enough for him as wife), and was a profligate.(Part. pass. מוּפְסָל, v. next w.

קָפַלII (transpos. of קלף; cmp. Syr. קפל, P. Sm. 3691, sq.) to scrape, eat away. Sifré Num. 85 (read:) ירדה … קוֹפֶלֶת ומחתה בהם מתחתיהם fire came down from heaven, and it was eating away and digging among them from under them; Yalk. ib. 732 (read:) קופלת ומחתה בהם. Pi. קִיפּל to scrape off. M. Kat. 9b בסיד … לקַפְּלוֹ במועד a lime paste which you may scrape off during the festive week.Sot.35b, Rashi to Ḥull.44a וקפלו את האבנים, ‘they scraped the stones by confounding with ib. 36a וקילפו את הסיד. Hithpa. הִתְקַפֵּל to be scraped; (of glassware) to be cut or engraven. Y.Succ.IV, 54d top מהו … שהיתה מִתְקַפֶּלֶת what kind of white glass is meant? Cut (or engraved) glass.

קָפַלII (transpos. of קלף; cmp. Syr. קפל, P. Sm. 3691, sq.) to scrape, eat away. Sifré Num. 85 (read:) ירדה … קוֹפֶלֶת ומחתה בהם מתחתיהם fire came down from heaven, and it was eating away and digging among them from under them; Yalk. ib. 732 (read:) קופלת ומחתה בהם. Pi. קִיפּל to scrape off. M. Kat. 9b בסיד … לקַפְּלוֹ במועד a lime paste which you may scrape off during the festive week.Sot.35b, Rashi to Ḥull.44a וקפלו את האבנים, ‘they scraped the stones by confounding with ib. 36a וקילפו את הסיד. Hithpa. הִתְקַפֵּל to be scraped; (of glassware) to be cut or engraven. Y.Succ.IV, 54d top מהו … שהיתה מִתְקַפֶּלֶת what kind of white glass is meant? Cut (or engraved) glass.